The history of Naples Underground begins in the 4th century BC, when Greek settlers from Cumae founded the city of Neapolis and started extracting yellow tuff blocks from the volcanic subsoil to build their temples and houses. The cavities they left behind became the first chambers of an immense underground network.
Under Roman rule, the tunnels were expanded into one of the most sophisticated aqueduct systems of antiquity. Built by Augustus around 30 BC, the Aqua Augusta channeled water from the Serino springs across more than 100 km, supplying Naples, Pompeii, Herculaneum and the Roman fleet at Misenum.
For over a thousand years, until the cholera outbreak of 1884, Neapolitans drew their drinking water from cisterns dug directly into the bedrock beneath their houses. The pozzari — the well-keepers — moved through the tunnels maintaining the system and inspired countless local legends.
During World War II the cavities were rapidly converted into air-raid shelters, protecting tens of thousands of citizens from Allied bombings. Walls still bear graffiti, drawings, dates and the personal belongings left behind by those who hid here.
Today Naples Underground is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites in Italy: a journey 40 meters beneath the historic center, through tunnels, cisterns, gardens and a Greco-Roman theater hidden beneath modern apartments.
🎟️ Official partner tickets — Book online at the best price
Book now ↗Book now — from €16,00 ↗